EFFECT OF DILUENTS AND TEMPERATURE ON THE VIABILITY OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA FROM CAUDA EPIDIDYMIS WHILE STORED AT 4 o C, 25 o C AND 39 o C

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of commonly used diluents in storage of caudal epididymal spermatozoa under different temperature treatments.  Eighteen pairs of bull epididymides were obtained from a local abattoir and  caudal epididymal spermatozoa were harvested and processed in the laboratory. Epididymal spermatozoa were pooled from groups of three bulls to give six pooled samples for this study. The effect of three diluents namely, tris,egg yolk citrate and Skim milk were tested under three temperature treatments of 4oC, 25oC and 39oC on their effect on viability of the caudal epididymal spermatozoa. The percentage motility and the livability of the spermatozoa were considered as a measure of their viability. On incubation for 96 hrs at 4oC tris maintained a high percentage of motile caudal epididymal spermatozoa than any of the other diluents, with 24.2±2.2 percent motile spermatozoa, while skim milk had 6.6±0.5 percent. The egg yolk diluent did not have any motile spermatozoa at 96 hrs of incubation (P<0.05).  After the same period and temperature treatments, tris contained 25.9 ±0.4 percent live spermatozoa, skim milk 10.8 ± 1.2 percent and egg yolk citrate 6.8 ±0.2. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The temperature of 4oC and tris were found to maintain higher motile and live caudal epididymal spermatozoa than egg yolk citrate or skim milk  diluents. Caudal  epididymal spermatozoa when stored in the commonly used  diluents forlonger period of time  can be  used for  artificial insemination (A.I) especially where a very good bull cannot ejaculate due to one reason or another or in situations where the preservation of genetic material is paramount.